Few people know that Brazil has the largest population of black people outside of the African continent. In fact, it is the second largest “Black nation” after Nigeria, with over 100 million Black people.

Yet, there is little information in the media outside of the country about this group, specifically, information about the history of Africans in the country that defined and continues to define the affairs of black people globally. For example, the country’s Malê Revolt in its province of Bahia in 1835 is not only considered the most important revolt in Brazillian history but it is believed to have been instrumental in bringing an end to the international slave trade in the country.

Historians say that on the night of January 24 to 25, 1835, African-born slaves and freed-people in the northeastern Brazilian city of Salvador da Bahia carried out a rebellion to liberate themselves from slavery and create an Islamic homeland. The group of some six hundred Yoruba, Nupe, Kanuri and Hausa people from present-day Nigeria were led by Muslim leaders, having heard of and being inspired by the Haitian Revolution (1791−1804).

SOURCE: Face2FaceAfrica

https://face2faceafrica.com/article/how-enslaved-nigerians-in-brazil-helped-usher-in-the-end-of-international-slave-trade-in-1835

#Brazil #Nigeria #African #AfricanHistory #Yoruba #Hausa #Slavery #Haiti #HaitiRevolution

Creole languages can be categorized by their base language, such as French-based (e.g., Haitian Creole, Louisiana Creole), English-based (e.g., Jamaican Patois, Gullah), Portuguese-based (e.g., Papiamento, Cape Verdean Creole), and others that have a mixed or non-European base (e.g., Sango, Saramacca). They are found worldwide, with large concentrations in the Caribbean, Africa, and the Indian Ocean.
By base language

French-based: These languages developed from contact between French and other languages. Examples include Haitian Creole, Louisiana Creole, Mauritian Creole, and Dominican Creole French.

English-based: These are creoles where English is the primary base. Examples include Jamaican Patois, Guyanese Creole, Gullah (spoken in the southeastern U.S.), and Tok Pisin (in Papua New Guinea).

Portuguese-based: These languages have Portuguese as their main foundation. Papiamento (spoken in Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao) and Cape Verdean Creole are prominent examples.

Mixed or non-European based: Some creoles are based on contact between multiple European languages or primarily non-European languages.

Sango: Based on the Ngbandi language in the Central African Republic.

Saramacca: Based on English but heavily influenced by Portuguese, spoken in Suriname.

Papiamentu: Though based on Portuguese, it has significant Spanish and Dutch influence.

By external history

Plantation creoles: Developed on plantations, such as many French-based creoles in the Caribbean.

Fort creoles: Developed around forts, often involving trade and administration.

Maroon creoles: Developed by communities of formerly enslaved people who escaped to form their own settlements.

Creolized pidgins: Languages that evolved from pidgins into more complex, stable languages.

By region

Caribbean: Haitian Creole, Jamaican Patois, Papiamento (Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao), and various French-based creoles in the French West Indies are examples.

Africa: Nigerian Pidgin, Sango, and Kikongo-Kituba are spoken in various countries.

Indian Ocean: Mauritian Creole, Seychellois Creole, and Reunion Creole are spoken in this region.

Americas: Besides the Caribbean and Louisiana creoles, there are also Liberian Creole and Belizean Kriol.